50 Nursing Key Points : Fundamental Of Nursing III

Here is a comprehensive collection of nursing key points and concepts to keep in mind before any competitive test. Short sentences and a straight-to-the-point arrangement are used to group key points into subject categories. Nursing Key Points for Fundamental of Nursing III

1. The patient should remove any jewellery and dentures before having a head X-ray.
2. The sympathetic nervous system responds to the fight-or-flight reaction.
3. Bronchovesicular breath sounds are aberrant in the peripheral lung areas and signify pneumonia.
4. Wheezing is a high-pitched, unnatural breath sound that is exacerbated on expiration.
5. Wax or foreign bodies in the ear should be carefully washed out with warm saline solution.
6. If a patient complains that his hearing aid is "not working," the nurse should first check the switch to see if it is switched on, then the batteries.
7. Hyperactive biceps and triceps reflexes should be graded as +4 by the nurse.
8. If two eye drugs are indicated for twice-daily administration, they should be given 5 minutes apart.
9. Forcing fluids helps avoid constipation in postoperative patients.
10. A nurse must provide care in compliance with the American Nurses Association's standards of care, state legislation, and facility policy.
11. The kilocalorie (kcal) is an energy measuring unit that reflects the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogramme of water by one degree Celsius.
12. Nutrients travel via intake, digestion, absorption, transport, cell metabolism, and excretion as they pass through the body.
13. Regardless of serum content, the body metabolises alcohol at a constant pace.
14. Proof in an alcoholic beverage is the proportion of alcohol multiplied by two. A 100-proof beverage, for example, contains 50% alcohol.
15. A living will is a signed document that expresses a patient's preference for certain forms of care and treatment. These decisions are made with the patient's preferences and quality of life in mind.
16. To maintain patency, the nurse should flush a peripheral heparin lock every 8 hours (if it was not used in the previous 8 hours) and as needed with regular saline solution.
17. Quality assurance is a process that determines if nursing activities and procedures fulfil predetermined criteria.
18. The five medicine administration rights are the correct patient, the right drug, the right dose, the right route of delivery, and the right timing.
19. The assessment step of the nursing process determines whether or not nursing interventions helped the patient to achieve the intended outcomes.
20. Only the sublingual and translingual versions of nitroglycerin should be used to treat acute anginal crises outside of the hospital.
21. The nurse gives a medicine through I.V. push by inserting a needle and syringe into a vein, I.V. tubing, or a catheter.
22. The nurse should keep the old ties in place until the new ones are put while replacing the ties on a tracheostomy tube.
23. When replacing the ties on a tracheostomy tube, a nurse should be present.
24. For blood transfusions, a filter is always employed.
25. When a patient need more stability than a standard cane can give, a four-point (quad) cane is recommended.
26. "What made you seek medical help?" is a smart approach to start a patient interview.
27. When caring for any patient, the nurse must take conventional precautions when handling blood and bodily fluids.
28. The most abundant cation in intracellular fluid is potassium (K+).
29. The patient moves the right crutch first, followed by the left foot, and then the left crutch first, followed by the right foot in the four-point, or alternating, gait.
30. In the three-point gait, the patient moves two crutches and the injured leg at the same time, followed by the unaffected limb.
31. In the two-point gait, the patient moves the right leg and the left crutch at the same time, followed by the left leg and the right crutch.
32. Thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pyridoxine (B6), and cyanocobalamin are among the water-soluble vitamins required for metabolism (B12).
33. An adult patient should be minimally clothed and shoeless before being weighed.
34. Before checking an adult's temperature orally, the nurse should check to see if the patient has smoked or taken anything hot or cold in the preceding 15 minutes.
35. If the patient has a heart problem, anal lesions, bleeding hemorrhoids', or has just undergone rectal surgery, the nurse should not take the patient's temperature rectally.
36. In a patient with a heart condition, monitoring temperature rectally may trigger a vagal reaction, resulting in vasodilation and reduced cardiac output.
37. The nurse should use the following descriptive measurements when recording pulse amplitude and rhythm: +3, bounding pulse (readily felt and powerful); +2, normal pulse (easily palpable); +1, thready or weak pulse (difficult to detect); and 0, absent pulse (not detectable).
38. When a patient is transported to the operating room bed, the intraoperative time begins and concludes when the patient is admitted to the postanesthesia care unit.
39. On the morning of surgery, the nurse should ensure that the informed consent form has been signed, that the patient hasn't taken anything by mouth since midnight, that the patient has taken a shower with antimicrobial soap, that the patient has had mouth care (without swallowing the water), that common jewellery has been removed, and that vital signs have been taken and recorded. Prosthetic limbs and other prostheses are often removed.
40. Positioning the patient, caressing the patient's back, and creating a peaceful environment may reduce the patient's need for analgesics or increase their efficacy.
41. A medicine has three names: the generic name, which is used in official publications; the trade, or brand, name (such as Tylenol), which is chosen by the drug firm; and the chemical name, which defines the chemical makeup of the medication.
42. To avoid tooth discoloration, the patient should drink a liquid iron preparation with a straw.
43. The nurse should utilise the Z-track approach to provide an iron dextran injection intramuscularly (Imferon).
44. A living creature can enter the body via the nose, mouth, rectum, urinary or reproductive system, or skin.
45. The states of consciousness include alertness, lethargy, stupor, mild coma, and severe coma, in declining order.
46. To logroll a patient, the nurse folds the patient's arms over the chest, stretches the patient's legs and, if necessary, puts a cushion between them, places a draw sheet beneath the patient, and rotates the patient by slowly and gently tugging on the draw sheet.
47. The stethoscope's diaphragm is used to detect high-pitched noises such as breath sounds.
48. It is typical to have a modest differential in blood pressure (5 to 10 mm Hg) between the right and left arms.
49. The blood pressure cuff should be placed 1 inch (2.5 cm) above the antecubital fossa by the nurse.
50. When applying ophthalmic ointments, the nurse should squander the first bead and then apply the ointment from the inner to the outer canthus.