Bronchitis Nursing Diagnosis and Nursing Care Plan

Nursing Interventions

Rationale

Check for patency of the airway.

The preservation of a patent airway is always first priority, particularly in situations involving trauma, severe neurological impairment, or cardiac arrest.

Analyze breathing. Take note of the breathing's quality, pace, pattern, depth, nostril flare-ups, dyspnea when exerted, splinting signs, usage of auxiliary muscles, and posture.

Respiratory compromise might result from a shift in normal breathing. A compensatory reaction to airway blockage may involve an increase in respiratory rhythm and rate.

Use auscultation to listen for breath sounds.

Fluid and mucus buildup can cause abnormal breath sounds to be audible. This can be a sign that the airway is blocked.

Examine the cough's characteristics, such as its type—moist, dry, hacking, paroxysmal, brassy, or croupy—onset, duration, frequency, and whether it occurs at night, during the day, or during activity; the amount and characteristics of its mucus—clear, yellow, or green—as well as its thick, tenacious, and foamy consistency—as well as the patient's ability to expectorate and any nasal drainage or stuffy nose.

Coughing is a way to get rid of secretions. Ineffective coughing makes it difficult to clean the airways and keeps mucus from draining. Ineffective coughing may be brought on by respiratory muscle exhaustion, acute bronchospasm, or thick and persistent secretions.

By planning procedures and care and disturbing the infant/child as little as possible during the acute stages of the disease, you may make provisions for rest intervals.

Avoids wasting energy in a way that will make you tired.

For infants and young children, raise the head of the bed by at least 30 degrees. Older children may sit up and rest their heads on a pillow on the overbed table.

An upright posture prevents the enlargement of the lungs by preventing the upward movement of the stomach contents. Better air exchange and lung expansion are encouraged in this position.

Encourage regular, measured hydration consumption during 24-hour periods.

Fluids reduce mucosal dryness and increase ciliary activity, which helps secretions flow.

Reposition the infant on the sides after two hours and align their bodies properly.

Unless the technique is contraindicated, assist the kid in doing deep breathing and coughing exercises while they are lying down for postural drainage; for smaller children, blow cotton balls across the table or use an incentive spirometer for older children.

Promotes deeper breathing by widening the tracheobronchial tree and triggering the cough reflex to eliminate secretions. Vibration loosens and dislodges secretions, and gravity empties the airways and lung segments.

Teach parents and possibly older children how to administer medications correctly, including the name of each drug, its action, dosage, why it is given, how often it should be taken, when it should be taken (day or night), any side effects that should be reported, and how to do so in food (by crushing, chewing, using a measured dropper, or another recommended method) (nose drops, inhaler).

Ensures compliance with correct drug dosage and other considerations for administrations for desired results, and what to do if side effects occur.

Nursing Interventions

Rationale

In the event of a decreased respiratory rate and bouts of apnea, evaluate the patient's respiratory status at least every 2-4 hours, or more frequently as needed.

As the child's energy supplies are reduced, changes in breathing pattern might happen quickly. Air exchange rate and quality are revealed via baseline assessment and monitoring. Regular evaluation and observation give verifiable proof of changes in the caliber of respiratory effort, allowing for quick and efficient action.

Palpate the chest to determine its structure and listen for breath sounds that could suggest a mobility limitation (absence or diminished crackles or rhonchi).

This is done to listen for diminished or unexpected breath sounds.

Keep an eye out for shifts in consciousness.

Early signs of low brain oxygen levels include restlessness, disorientation, and/or irritation.

Utilizing pulse oximetry, determine oxygen saturation and pulse rate.

Pulse oximetry is a useful method to first identify changes in oxygenation; however, in order to determine CO2 levels, arterial blood gases (ABGs) or end-tidal CO2 monitoring would need to be collected.

Observe the arterial blood gases.

Checks the state of ventilation and oxygenation.

If the kid is weeping or struggling in the crib or bed, raise the head of the bed or put the youngster in a comforting posture on the parent's lap.

Position encourages better aeration, a reduction in anxiety (particularly in young children), and a reduction in energy use.

Promote regular rest breaks and educate the patient how to pace their activity.

Increased exercise can make breathing difficulties worse. Make sure the patient takes a break from demanding tasks.

Help and show how to do the right deep breathing exercises.

Deep inspiration is encouraged, which boosts oxygenation and reduces atelectasis.

Encourage the patient to successfully cough out their own secretions to keep the airway open.

Allows for sufficient elimination of secretions.

By using a mask, hood, or tent, give out humidified oxygen.

In addition to helping to maintain oxygenation status and reduce respiratory discomfort, humidified oxygen loosens secretions.

Nursing Interventions

Rationale

Check for excessive weakness and exhaustion; the capacity for, and quantity of, sleep; and bed-movement.

Information is given to identify the impacts of dyspnea and the laborious nature of breathing over time, which reduces an infant's or young child's capacity to rest, feed, and drink.

Schedule and make available relaxation intervals in a calm, cosy setting.
(Hotness and humidity).

Infants and young children should only be disturbed when absolutely required. Care should not be dispersed across a long period of time.

Conserves energy and avoids sleep disruptions.

Parents should be encouraged to take steps to prevent infant and young child weariness, such as holding and/or rocking the kid, feeding in tiny quantities, playing with the child, and providing entertainment options like TV or toys.

Conserves energy while offering assistance to infants and young children.

Maintain bed rest while allowing for quiet play with a beloved item.

While calm play avoids excessive activity that depletes energy and raises respiration, rest reduces weariness and respiratory discomfort.

Teach parents to pick up a baby or young kid who is wailing for more than a minute or two.

Prevents tiredness since sobbing for a long time is exhausting.

Help parents create a strategy to schedule feeding, bathing, and diaper changes around times when children are sleeping.

Prevents sleep and rest interruptions.

Nursing Interventions

Rationale

Analyze the state of the science around illness prevention, transmission, and treatment.

Teach that hands should not be placed near the nose or eyes since they can spread the virus through direct and indirect contact.

Explains that kissing and caressing a newborn or young kid, as well as contact with insects on hard, polished surfaces, are sources of viral interaction.

Informing parents about the symptoms and indications of respiratory distress
fever, dyspnea, tachypnea, and nasal discharge from an infection
green and yellow sputum.

Encourages parents to get quick medical help when necessary.

Inform students about the risk of viral transmission to family members and the necessity of keeping young children and infants separate from other people.

Explains how viruses are easily spread, with up to 50% of family members developing viral illnesses.

Encourage wearing plastic goggles when tending to a newborn or young kid.

Reduces the chance of eye contact with the pathogen.

Teach your children and family members proper handwashing techniques.

Prevents the spread of germs to the facial region through the hands, which are the major sources of pollution and carriers of organisms.

Encourage parents to provide their children a healthy food and enough of water, focusing on a high-calorie, balanced diet (specify amounts).

Increases the child's natural bodily defence by encouraging the liquification of secretions and replacing calories utilised to combat illness.

Inform parents on how to take prescribed drugs.

Increases the detection of negative side effects and drug administration consistency.

Follow the hospital's infection control procedures if the patient has RSV.

Shields against contact with secretions and the spread of the infection to other patients.

Parents should be encouraged and instructed to care for their hospitalized children in accordance with their comfort level and the limitations of the required therapies. Inform parents of the RespiGam or Synagis preventive medications (if prescribed; specify).

Encourages parental identity and control, which may reduce stress and anxiety.

Educate parents on the usage of the medication Ribavirin if they are being treated in a hospital:

Encourages comprehension, which might reduce anxiety, and guards against unintentional drug exposure.

Teach family members how to properly dispose of used tissues, for example.

Prevent the sickness from spreading.

Explain to parents the significance of restricting guests and checking them for recent sickness.

Stop the spread of the illness to others and stop the RSV-infected child's problems from getting worse.